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EnAr Aa

In this sermon Imam Ali recalls the creation of Earth and Sky, the creation of angels, and Adam’s birth, the prophethood of Muhammad, Quran and the shari''ah, and in it he also mentions the Hajj

يذكر فيها ابتداء خلق السماء والأرض وخلق آدم وفيها ذكر الحج وتحتوي على حمد الله وخلق العالمو خلق الملائكة واختيار الأنبياء ومبعث النبي والقرآن والأحكام الشرعية

الخطبة الأولى
Sermon 1
الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَا يَبْلُغُ مِدْحَتَهُ الْقَائِلُونَ وَلَا يُحْصِي نَعْمَاءَهُ الْعَادُّونَ
Praise is due to Allah whose worth cannot be described by speakers, whose bounties cannot be counted by those who calculate
وَلَا يُؤَدِّي حَقَّهُ الْمُجْتَهِدُونَ الَّذِي لَا يُدْرِكُهُ بُعْدُ الْهِمَمِ وَلَا يَنَالُهُ غَوْصُ الْفِطَنِ
and whose claim (to obedience) cannot be satisfied by those who attempt to do so, the One whom the height of intellectual courage cannot sufficiently appreciate and the depths of understanding cannot possibly reach;
الَّذِي لَيْسَ لِصِفَتِهِ حَدٌّ مَحْدُودٌ
He is the One for describing whom no limit has been laid down,
وَلَا نَعْتٌ مَوْجُودٌ وَلَا وَقْتٌ مَعْدُودٌ وَلَا أَجَلٌ مَمْدُودٌ
no ample praise exists, no time is ordained and no duration is fixed.
فَطَرَ الْخَلَائِقَ بِقُدْرَتِهِ وَنَشَرَ الرِّيَاحَ بِرَحْمَتِهِ وَوَتَّدَ بِالصُّخُورِ مَيَدَانَ أَرْضِهِ
He brought forth creation through His Omnipotence, dispersed winds through His Compassion and firmed the shaking earth with rocks.
أَوَّلُ الدِّينِ مَعْرِفَتُهُ وَكَمَالُ مَعْرِفَتِهِ التَّصْدِيقُ بِهِ وَكَمَالُ التَّصْدِيقِ بِهِ تَوْحِيدُهُ
The foremost in religion is to acknowledge Him. The perfection of acknowledging Him is to testify to Him. The perfection of testifying to Him is to believe in His Oneness.
وَكَمَالُ تَوْحِيدِهِ الْإِخْلَاصُ لَهُ وَكَمَالُ الْإِخْلَاصِ لَهُ نَفْيُ الصِّفَاتِ
The perfection of believing in His Oneness is to regard Him to be the Absolutely Pure One. The perfection of His purity is to deny Him attributes
عَنْهُ لِشَهَادَةِ كُلِّ صِفَةٍ أَنَّهَا غَيْرُ الْمَوْصُوفِ
because every attribute is a proof that it is different from that to which it is attributed,
وَشَهَادَةِ كُلِّ مَوْصُوفٍ أَنَّهُ غَيْرُ الصِّفَةِ
and everything to which something is attributed is different from the attribute.
فَمَنْ وَصَفَ اللَّهَ سُبْحَانَهُ فَقَدْ قَرَنَهُ
Thus, whoever attaches attributes to Allah recognizes His like.
وَمَنْ قَرَنَهُ فَقَدْ ثَنَّاهُ
Whoever recognizes His like regards Him as being two.
وَمَنْ ثَنَّاهُ فَقَدْ جَزَّأَهُ
Whoever regards Him as being two recognizes the existence of parts for Him,
وَمَنْ جَزَّأَهُ فَقَدْ جَهِلَهُ
and whoever recognizes parts for Him mistakes Him,
وَمَنْ جَهِلَهُ فَقَدْ أَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ
and whoever mistakes Him points at Him,
وَمَنْ أَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَدْ حَدَّهُ
and whoever points at Him attributes limitations to Him,
وَمَنْ حَدَّهُ فَقَدْ عَدَّهُ
and whoever attributes limitations to Him numbers Him.
وَمَنْ قَالَ فِيمَ فَقَدْ ضَمَّنَهُ
Whoever asks, ‘In what is He?’ holds that He is contained,
وَمَنْ قَالَ عَلَا مَ فَقَدْ أَخْلَى مِنْهُ
and whoever asks, ‘On what is He?’ holds that He is not on something else.
كَائِنٌ لَا عَنْ حَدَثٍ مَوْجُودٌ لَا عَنْ عَدَمٍ
He is a Being but not through the phenomenon of coming into being. He exists but not out of non-existence.
مَعَ كُلِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ لَا بِمُقَارَنَةٍ
He is with everything but not in physical nearness.
وَغَيْرُ كُلِّ شَيْ‏ءٍ لَا بِمُزَايَلَةٍ
He is different from everything but not in physical separation.
فَاعِلٌ لَا بِمَعْنَى الْحَرَكَاتِ وَالْآلَةِ بَصِيرٌ إِذْ لَا مَنْظُورَ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ
He is the One and only, such that there is none with whom He may keep company or whom He may miss in his absence.
مُتَوَحِّدٌ إِذْ لَا سَكَنَ يَسْتَأْنِسُ بِهِ وَلَا يَسْتَوْحِشُ لِفَقْدِهِ
He acts but without connotation of movements and parts. He sees even when there is none to be looked at from among His creation.
خلق العالم
Creation of the universe
أَنْشَأَ الْخَلْقَ إِنْشَاءً وَابْتَدَأَهُ ابْتِدَاءً بِلَا رَوِيَّةٍ أَجَالَهَا وَلَا تَجْرِبَةٍ اسْتَفَادَهَا
He initiated creation and commenced it originally, without undergoing contemplation, without making use of any experiment,
وَلَا حَرَكَةٍ أَحْدَثَهَا وَلَا هَمَامَةِ نَفْسٍ اضْطَرَبَ فِيهَا
without inventing any movement and without experiencing any mental aspiration.
أَحَالَ الْأَشْيَاءَ لِأَوْقَاتِهَا وَلَأَمَ بَيْنَ مُخْتَلِفَاتِهَا وَغَرَّزَ غَرَائِزَهَا وَأَلْزَمَهَا أَشْبَاحَهَا
He allotted all things their terms, put together their variations, gave them their properties and determined their features.
عَالِماً بِهَا قَبْلَ ابْتِدَائِهَا مُحِيطاً بِحُدُودِهَا وَانْتِهَائِهَا عَارِفاً بِقَرَائِنِهَا وَأَحْنَائِهَا
He knew them before creating them, fully realizing their limits and confines and appreciated their propensities and intricacies.
ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ سُبْحَانَهُ فَتْقَ الْأَجْوَاءِ وَشَقَّ الْأَرْجَاءِ وَسَكَائِكَ الْهَوَاءِ
When the Almighty created the openings of the atmosphere, expanse of firmament and strata of winds,
فَأَجْرَى فِيهَا مَاءً مُتَلَاطِماً تَيَّارُهُ مُتَرَاكِماً زَخَّارُهُ حَمَلَهُ عَلَى مَتْنِ الرِّيحِ الْعَاصِفَةِ وَالزَّعْزَعِ الْقَاصِفَةِ
He allowed water, the waves of which were stormy and the surges of which leaped one over the other to flow onto it. He loaded dashing winds and breaking typhoons,
فَأَمَرَهَا بِرَدِّهِ وَسَلَّطَهَا عَلَى شَدِّهِ وَقَرَنَهَا إِلَى حَدِّهِ
ordered them to shed it back (as rain), gave the wind control over the vigor of the rain and acquainted it with its limitations.
الْهَوَاءُ مِنْ تَحْتِهَا فَتِيقٌ وَالْمَاءُ مِنْ فَوْقِهَا دَفِيقٌ
The wind blew under it while water flowed furiously above it.
ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ سُبْحَانَهُ رِيحاً اعْتَقَمَ مَهَبَّهَا وَأَدَامَ مُرَبَّهَا وَأَعْصَفَ مَجْرَاهَا وَأَبْعَدَ مَنْشَأَهَا
Then, the Almighty created forth wind and made its movement sterile, perpetuated its status, intensified its motion and spread it far and wide.
فَأَمَرَهَا بِتَصْفِيقِ الْمَاءِ الزَّخَّارِ وَإِثَارَةِ مَوْجِ الْبِحَارِ فَمَخَضَتْهُ مَخْضَ السِّقَاءِ وَعَصَفَتْ بِهِ عَصْفَهَا بِالْفَضَاءِ
Then He ordered the wind to raise deep waters and to intensify the waves of the oceans. So the wind churned the water like the churning of curd and pushed it fiercely into the firmament,
تَرُدُّ أَوَّلَهُ إِلَى آخِرِهِ وَسَاجِيَهُ إِلَى مَائِرِهِ
throwing its front status on the rear while the stationary status flowed
حَتَّى عَبَّ عُبَابُهُ وَرَمَى بِالزَّبَدِ رُكَامُهُ فَرَفَعَهُ فِي هَوَاءٍ مُنْفَتِقٍ وَجَوٍّ مُنْفَهِقٍ فَسَوَّى مِنْهُ سَبْعَ سَمَوَاتٍ
till its level was raised and the surface was full of foam. Then the Almighty raised the foam to the open wind and vast firmament and made therefrom the seven skies.
جَعَلَ سُفْلَاهُنَّ مَوْجاً مَكْفُوفاً وَعُلْيَاهُنَّ سَقْفاً مَحْفُوظاً وَسَمْكاً مَرْفُوعاً بِغَيْرِ عَمَدٍ يَدْعَمُهَا وَلَا دِسَارٍ يَنْظِمُهَا
He made the lower one as a stationary surge and the upper one as a protective ceiling and high edifice without any pole to support it or nail to hold it together.
ثُمَّ زَيَّنَهَا بِزِينَةِ الْكَوَاكِبِ وَضِيَاءِ الثَّوَاقِبِ وَأَجْرَى فِيهَا سِرَاجاً مُسْتَطِيراً وَقَمَراً مُنِيراً فِي فَلَكٍ دَائِرٍ وَسَقْفٍ سَائِرٍ وَرَقِيمٍ مَائِرٍ
Then He decorated them with stars and the light of meteors and hung in it the shining sun and effulgent moon under the revolving sky, moving the ceiling and rotating the firmament.
خلق الملائكة
Creation of Angels
ثُمَّ فَتَقَ مَا بَيْنَ السَّمَوَاتِ الْعُلَا فَمَلَأَهُنَّ أَطْوَاراً مِنْ مَلَائِكَتِهِ
Then He created the openings between the high skies and filled them with all classes of His angels.
مِنْهُمْ سُجُودٌ لَا يَرْكَعُونَ وَرُكُوعٌ لَا يَنْتَصِبُونَ وَصَافُّونَ لَا يَتَزَايَلُونَ وَمُسَبِّحُونَ لَا يَسْأَمُونَ
Some of them are in prostration and do not rise. Others are in kneeling positions and do not stand up. Some of them are in array and do not leave their status. Others are extolling Allah and do not get tired.
لَا يَغْشَاهُمْ نَوْمُ الْعُيُونِ وَلَا سَهْوُ الْعُقُولِ وَلَا فَتْرَةُ الْأَبْدَانِ وَلَا غَفْلَةُ النِّسْيَانِ
The sleep of the eye or the slip of wit or languor of the body or effect of forgetfulness does not affect them.
وَمِنْهُمْ أُمَنَاءُ عَلَى وَحْيِهِ وَأَلْسِنَةٌ إِلَى رُسُلِهِ
Among them are those who work as trusted bearers of His message, who serve, speaking as tongues of His prophets,
وَمُخْتَلِفُونَ بِقَضَائِهِ وَأَمْرِهِ
and there are those who carry His orders and commands.
وَمِنْهُمُ الْحَفَظَةُ لِعِبَادِهِ وَالسَّدَنَةُ لِأَبْوَابِ جِنَانِهِ
Among them are protectors of His creatures and guards of the gates of the Gardens of Paradise.
وَمِنْهُمُ الثَّابِتَةُ فِي الْأَرَضِينَ السُّفْلَى أَقْدَامُهُمْ وَالْمَارِقَةُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ الْعُلْيَا أَعْنَاقُهُمْ وَالْخَارِجَةُ مِنَ الْأَقْطَارِ أَرْكَانُهُمْ
Among them are those whose steps are fixed on earth but their necks protrude into the skies. Their limbs are out on all sides,
وَالْمُنَاسِبَةُ لِقَوَائِمِ الْعَرْشِ أَكْتَافُهُمْ نَاكِسَةٌ دُونَهُ أَبْصَارُهُمْ مُتَلَفِّعُونَ تَحْتَهُ بِأَجْنِحَتِهِمْ مَضْرُوبَةٌ
their shoulders are in accord with the columns of the Divine Throne, their eyes are cast down before it, they have spread their wings down under it
بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ مَنْ دُونَهُمْ حُجُبُ الْعِزَّةِ وَأَسْتَارُ الْقُدْرَةِ
and they have rendered between themselves and all else curtains of honor and screens of power.
لَا يَتَوَهَّمُونَ رَبَّهُمْ بِالتَّصْوِيرِ وَلَا يُجْرُونَ عَلَيْهِ صِفَاتِ الْمَصْنُوعِينَ وَلَا يَحُدُّونَهُ بِالْأَمَاكِنِ وَلَا يُشِيرُونَ إِلَيْهِ بِالنَّظَائِرِ
They do not think of their Creator through images, do not impute created attributes to Him, do not confine Him within abodes and do not point at Him through illustrations.
صفة خلق آدم عليه السلام
Creation of Adam
ثُمَّ جَمَعَ سُبْحَانَهُ مِنْ حَزْنِ الْأَرْضِ وَسَهْلِهَا وَعَذْبِهَا وَسَبَخِهَا تُرْبَةً سَنَّهَا بِالْمَاءِ حَتَّى خَلَصَتْ
Allah collected clay from hard, soft, sweet and sour earth, which He moistened with water till it became pure.
وَلَاطَهَا بِالْبَلَّةِ حَتَّى لَزَبَتْ فَجَبَلَ مِنْهَا صُورَةً ذَاتَ أَحْنَاءٍ وَوُصُولٍ وَأَعْضَاءٍ
He kneaded it with moisture till it became gluey. From it He carved an image with curves, joints, limbs and parts.
وَفُصُولٍ أَجْمَدَهَا حَتَّى اسْتَمْسَكَتْ وَأَصْلَدَهَا حَتَّى صَلْصَلَتْ لِوَقْتٍ مَعْدُودٍ وَأَمَدٍ مَعْلُومٍ
He solidified it till it dried up for a fixed time and a known duration.
ثُمَّ نَفَخَ فِيهَا مِنْ رُوحِهِ فَمَثُلَتْ إِنْسَاناً
Then He blew into it out of His Spirit whereupon it took the pattern of a human being
ذَا أَذْهَانٍ يُجِيلُهَا وَفِكَرٍ يَتَصَرَّفُ بِهَا وَجَوَارِحَ يَخْتَدِمُهَا وَأَدَوَاتٍ يُقَلِّبُهَا
with a mind that governed him, intelligence which he made use of, limbs that served him, organs that changed his status,
وَمَعْرِفَةٍ يَفْرُقُ بِهَا بَيْنَ الْحَقِّ وَالْبَاطِلِ وَالْأَذْوَاقِ وَالْمَشَامِّ وَالْأَلْوَانِ وَالْأَجْنَاسِ
sagacity that differentiates between truth and falsehood, tastes and smells, colors and species.
مَعْجُوناً بِطِينَةِ الْأَلْوَانِ الْمُخْتَلِفَةِ وَالْأَشْبَاهِ الْمُؤْتَلِفَةِ وَالْأَضْدَادِ الْمُتَعَادِيَةِ وَالْأَخْلَاطِ الْمُتَبَايِنَةِ مِنَ الْحَرِّ وَالْبَرْدِ وَالْبَلَّةِ وَالْجُمُودِ
He was a mixture of clays of different colors, cohesive materials, divergent contradictories and differing properties like heat, cold, softness and hardness.
وَاسْتَأْدَى اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ الْمَلَائِكَةَ وَدِيعَتَهُ لَدَيْهِمْ وَعَهْدَ وَصِيَّتِهِ إِلَيْهِمْ فِي الْإِذْعَانِ بِالسُّجُودِ لَهُ وَالْخُنُوعِ لِتَكْرِمَتِهِ
Then Allah asked the angels to fulfill His promise with them and to accomplish the pledge of His injunction by acknowledging Him by prostrating to Him and submitting to His honored status.
فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَهُ اسْجُدُوا لِآدَمَ فَسَجَدُوا إِلَّا إِبْلِيسَ
So Allah said: “Prostrate to Adam, so they prostrated except Iblis (Satan)” (Qur’an, 2: 34; 7: 11; 17: 61; 18: 50; 20: 116).
اعْتَرَتْهُ الْحَمِيَّةُ وَغَلَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ الشِّقْوَةُ وَتَعَزَّزَ بِخِلْقَةِ النَّارِ وَاسْتَوْهَنَ خَلْقَ الصَّلْصَالِ
Self-importance withheld him (Satan) and vice overcame him. So he took pride in his own creation of fire and held the creation of clay with contempt.
فَأَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ النَّظِرَةَ اسْتِحْقَاقاً لِلسُّخْطَةِ وَاسْتِتْمَاماً لِلْبَلِيَّةِ وَإِنْجَازاً لِلْعِدَةِ
So Allah granted him a respite in order to let him fully deserve His wrath, to complete (man’s) test and to fulfill the promise (He had made to Satan).
فَقَالَ فَإِنَّكَ مِنَ الْمُنْظَرِينَ إِلى يَوْمِ الْوَقْتِ الْمَعْلُومِ
Thus, He said: “Verily you have been allowed time till the known Day” (Qur’an, 15: 38, 38: 81).
ثُمَّ أَسْكَنَ سُبْحَانَهُ آدَمَ دَاراً أَرْغَدَ فِيهَا عَيْشَهُ وَآمَنَ فِيهَا مَحَلَّتَهُ وَحَذَّرَهُ إِبْلِيسَ وَعَدَاوَتَهُ
Thereafter, Allah placed Adam in a place where He made his life and stay safe, and He cautioned him about Iblis and his enmity.
فَاغْتَرَّهُ عَدُوُّهُ نَفَاسَةً عَلَيْهِ بِدَارِ الْمُقَامِ وَمُرَافَقَةِ الْأَبْرَارِ
Then his enemy (Iblis) envied Adam’s abiding in Paradise and his connections with the virtuous.
فَبَاعَ الْيَقِينَ بِشَكِّهِ وَالْعَزِيمَةَ بِوَهْنِهِ وَاسْتَبْدَلَ بِالْجَذَلِ وَجَلًا وَبِالِاغْتِرَارِ نَدَماً
So he changed his conviction into wavering and determination into weakness. He thus turned his happiness into fear and prestige into shame.
ثُمَّ بَسَطَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ لَهُ فِي تَوْبَتِهِ وَلَقَّاهُ كَلِمَةَ رَحْمَتِهِ وَوَعَدَهُ الْمَرَدَّ إِلَى جَنَّتِهِ وَأَهْبَطَهُ إِلَى دَارِ الْبَلِيَّةِ وَتَنَاسُلِ الذُّرِّيَّةِ
Then Allah offered Adam the chance to repent, taught him words of His Mercy, promised him a return to His Paradise then sent him down to the place of trial and the procreation of his offspring.
اختيار الأنبياء
Allah chooses His prophets
وَاصْطَفَى سُبْحَانَهُ مِنْ وَلَدِهِ أَنْبِيَاءَ أَخَذَ عَلَى الْوَحْيِ مِيثَاقَهُمْ وَعَلَى تَبْلِيغِ الرِّسَالَةِ أَمَانَتَهُمْ
From Adam’s offspring, Allah chose prophets and took their pledge for His revelation and for carrying out His message as their trust.
لَمَّا بَدَّلَ أَكْثَرُ خَلْقِهِ عَهْدَ اللَّهِ إِلَيْهِمْ فَجَهِلُوا حَقَّهُ وَاتَّخَذُوا الْأَنْدَادَ مَعَهُ
Throughout the course of time, many people perverted Allah’s trust with them, ignored His status and accepted associates along with Him.
وَاجْتَالَتْهُمُ الشَّيَاطِينُ عَنْ مَعْرِفَتِهِ وَاقْتَطَعَتْهُمْ عَنْ عِبَادَتِهِ
Satan turned them away from knowing Allah and kept them away from worshipping Him.
فَبَعَثَ فِيهِمْ رُسُلَهُ وَوَاتَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَنْبِيَاءَهُ لِيَسْتَأْدُوهُمْ مِيثَاقَ فِطْرَتِهِ وَيُذَكِّرُوهُمْ مَنْسِيَّ نِعْمَتِهِ وَيَحْتَجُّوا عَلَيْهِمْ بِالتَّبْلِيغِ وَيُثِيرُوا لَهُمْ دَفَائِنَ الْعُقُولِ وَيُرُوهُمْ آيَاتِ الْمَقْدِرَةِ
Then Allah sent His Messengers and a series of prophets to people to get them to fulfill the pledges of His creation, to recall His bounties to them, to exhort them by preaching, to unveil before them the hidden virtues of wisdom and to show them the signs of His Omnipotence.
مِنْ سَقْفٍ فَوْقَهُمْ مَرْفُوعٍ وَمِهَادٍ تَحْتَهُمْ مَوْضُوعٍ وَمَعَايِشَ تُحْيِيهِمْ وَآجَالٍ تُفْنِيهِمْ وَأَوْصَابٍ تُهْرِمُهُمْ وَأَحْدَاثٍ تَتَابَعُ عَلَيْهِمْ
Of these signs He demonstrated the sky which is raised over them, the earth that is placed beneath them, a means of livelihood to sustain, death that makes them no more, ailments that turn them old and incidents that successively betake them.
وَلَمْ يُخْلِ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ خَلْقَهُ مِنْ نَبِيٍّ مُرْسَلٍ أَوْ كِتَابٍ مُنْزَلٍ أَوْ حُجَّةٍ لَازِمَةٍ أَوْ مَحَجَّةٍ
Allah never allowed His creation to remain without a prophet deputed by Him, or a book sent down from Him or a binding argument or a standing plea.
قَائِمَةٍ رُسُلٌ لَا تُقَصِّرُ بِهِمْ قِلَّةُ عَدَدِهِمْ وَلَا كَثْرَةُ الْمُكَذِّبِينَ
These Messengers were such that they did not feel few because of their number being small or the the number of those who belied them being big.
لَهُمْ مِنْ سَابِقٍ سُمِّيَ لَهُ مَنْ بَعْدَهُ أَوْ غَابِرٍ رَّفَهُ مَنْ قَبْلَهُ
Among them was either a predecessor who would name the one to succeed him or a follower who was introduced by the predecessor.
عَلَى ذَلِكَ نَسَلَتِ الْقُرُونُ وَمَضَتِ الدُّهُورُ
In this way, ages passed by and times rolled on.
وَسَلَفَتِ الْآبَاءُ وَخَلَفَتِ الْأَبْنَاءُ
Fathers passed away while sons took their places
مبعث النبي
Prophethood of Muhammed
إِلَى أَنْ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ مُحَمَّداً رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) لِإِنْجَازِ عِدَتِهِ وَإِتْمَامِ نُبُوَّتِهِ
Till Allah deputed Muhammed as His Prophet, in fulfillment of His promise and in completion of His Prophethood.
مَأْخُوذاً عَلَى النَّبِيِّينَ مِيثَاقُهُ مَشْهُورَةً سِمَاتُهُ كَرِيماً مِيلَادُهُ
Muhammed’s pledge had been taken from the prophets, his traits of character were well reputed and his birth was honorable.
وَأَهْلُ الْأَرْضِ يَوْمَئِذٍ مِلَلٌ مُتَفَرِّقَةٌ وَأَهْوَاءٌ مُنْتَشِرَةٌ وَطَرَائِقُ مُتَشَتِّتَةٌ
The people of the earth at this time were divided into different parties, their aims were separate and ways diverse.
بَيْنَ مُشَبِّهٍ لِلَّهِ بِخَلْقِهِ أَوْ مُلْحِدٍ فِي اسْمِهِ أَوْ مُشِيرٍ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ
They either loved Allah and His creation or twisted His Names or turned to those other than Him.
فَهَدَاهُمْ بِهِ مِنَ الضَّلَالَةِ وَأَنْقَذَهُمْ بِمَكَانِهِ مِنَ الْجَهَالَةِ
(Through Muhammed,) Allah guided them out of wrongdoing and with his efforts took them out of ignorance.
ثُمَّ اخْتَارَ سُبْحَانَهُ لِمُحَمَّدٍ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) لِقَاءَهُ وَرَضِيَ لَهُ مَا عِنْدَهُ
Then Allah chose Muhammed to meet Him, preferred him for His own nearness,
وَأَكْرَمَهُ عَنْ دَارِ الدُّنْيَا وَرَغِبَ بِهِ عَنْ مَقَامِ الْبَلْوَى
regarded him as being too dignified to remain in this world and decided to remove him from this place of trial.
فَقَبَضَهُ إِلَيْهِ كَرِيماً ( صلى الله عليه وآله )
So He drew him towards Himself with honor. May Allah shower His blessing on him and on his Progeny.
القرآن وأحكامه الشرعية
The Holy Qur’an and the Sunnah
وَخَلَّفَ فِيكُمْ مَا خَلَّفَتِ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ فِي أُمَمِهَا
But the Prophet left among you the same that other prophets left among their people,
إِذْ لَمْ يَتْرُكُوهُمْ هَمَلًا بِغَيْرِ طَرِيقٍ وَاضِحٍ وَلَا عَلَمٍ قَائِمٍ
as prophets do not leave their people intentionally (in the dark) without a clear path and a standing ensign.
كِتَابَ رَبِّكُمْ فِيكُمْ مُبَيِّناً حَلَالَهُ وَحَرَامَهُ وَفَرَائِضَهُ وَفَضَائِلَهُ وَنَاسِخَهُ وَمَنْسُوخَهُ وَرُخَصَهُ وَعَزَائِمَهُ وَخَاصَّهُ وَعَامَّهُ وَعِبَرَهُ وَأَمْثَالَهُ وَمُرْسَلَهُ وَمَحْدُودَهُ وَمُحْكَمَهُ وَمُتَشَابِهَهُ مُفَسِّراً مُجْمَلَهُ وَمُبَيِّناً غَوَامِضَهُ بَيْنَ مَأْخُوذٍ مِيثَاقُ عِلْمِهِ وَمُوَسَّعٍ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ فِي جَهْلِهِ
He left the Book (Qur’an) of your Creator clarifying what He permits and what He prohibits, what is obligatory and what is discretionary, the repealing injunctions and the repealed ones, the permissible matters and the compulsory ones, what is particular and what is general, lessons and illustrations, long and short ones, clear and obscure ones, detailing its (Qur’an’s) abbreviations and clarifying its obscurities.
وَبَيْنَ مُثْبَتٍ فِي الْكِتَابِ فَرْضُهُ وَمَعْلُومٍ فِي السُّنَّةِ نَسْخُهُ وَوَاجِبٍ فِي السُّنَّةِ أَخْذُهُ وَمُرَخَّصٍ فِي الْكِتَابِ تَرْكُهُ
In it, there are some verses knowing which is obligatory and others people’s ignorance of which is permissible.
وَبَيْنَ وَاجِبٍ بِوَقْتِهِ وَزَائِلٍ فِي مُسْتَقْبَلِهِ وَمُبَايَنٌ بَيْنَ مَحَارِمِهِ
It also contains what appears to be obligatory according to the Book but its repeal is signified by the Prophet’s deed (Sunnah) or that which appears compulsory according to the Prophet’s deed but the Book permits one not to follow it. Or there are those verses which are obligatory in a given time but not so after that time period. Its prohibitions also differ.
مِنْ كَبِيرٍ أَوْعَدَ عَلَيْهِ نِيرَانَهُ أَوْ صَغِيرٍ أَرْصَدَ لَهُ غُفْرَانَهُ
Some are major ones for which there exists the peril of the fire (Hell) and others are minor for which there are prospects of forgiveness.
وَبَيْنَ مَقْبُولٍ فِي أَدْنَاهُ مُوَسَّعٍ فِي أَقْصَاهُ
There are also those of which a small portion is also acceptable (to Allah) but they are capable of being expanded.
ومنها في ذكر الحج
In this same sermon, he spoke thus about the Hajj:
وَفَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمْ حَجَّ بَيْتِهِ الْحَرَامِ الَّذِي جَعَلَهُ قِبْلَةً لِلْأَنَامِ يَرِدُونَهُ وُرُودَ الْأَنْعَامِ وَيَأْلَهُونَ إِلَيْهِ وُلُوهَ الْحَمَامِ
Allah has made the pilgrimage (hajj) obligatory on you to His sacred House which is the turning point for the people who go to it as beasts or pigeons go towards spring waters.
وَجَعَلَهُ سُبْحَانَهُ عَلَامَةً لِتَوَاضُعِهِمْ لِعَظَمَتِهِ وَإِذْعَانِهِمْ لِعِزَّتِهِ وَاخْتَارَ مِنْ خَلْقِهِ سُمَّاعاً أَجَابُوا إِلَيْهِ دَعْوَتَهُ وَصَدَّقُوا كَلِمَتَهُ
Allah, the most Glorified One, made it a sign of their supplication before His Greatness and their acknowledgment of His Dignity. He selected from among His creation those who, on listening to His call, responded to it and testified to His word.
وَوَقَفُوا مَوَاقِفَ أَنْبِيَائِهِ وَتَشَبَّهُوا بِمَلَائِكَتِهِ الْمُطِيفِينَ بِعَرْشِهِ
They stood in the status of His prophets and resembled His angels who surround the Divine Throne
يُحْرِزُونَ الْأَرْبَاحَ فِي مَتْجَرِ عِبَادَتِهِ وَيَتَبَادَرُونَ عِنْدَهُ مَوْعِدَ مَغْفِرَتِهِ
securing all the benefits of performing His worship and hastening towards His promised forgiveness.
جَعَلَهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى لِلْإِسْلَامِ عَلَماً وَلِلْعَائِذِينَ حَرَماً
Allah, the most Glorified One, made it (His sacred House) a symbol for Islam and an object of respect for those who turn to it.
فَرَضَ حَقَّهُ وَأَوْجَبَ حَجَّهُ وَكَتَبَ عَلَيْكُمْ وِفَادَتَهُ
He made pilgrimage to it obligatory and laid down its claim for which He held you responsible to fulfill.
فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَهُ
Thus, Allah, the most Glorified One, said:
وَلِلَّهِ عَلَى النَّاسِ حِجُّ الْبَيْتِ مَنِ اسْتَطاعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا وَمَنْ كَفَرَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَنِيٌّ عَنِ الْعالَمِينَ
The pilgrimage to the House is made incumbent on mankind (purely) for Allah, on those who can afford the journey thither. And whoever denies it, then verily Allah is sufficiently Independent of the Worlds (Qur’an, 3: 96-97).

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